– Arrest: Law enforcement officers must have probable cause to make an arrest. The arrested person must be informed of their Miranda rights.
– Charging: The prosecutor decides whether to file charges based on the evidence.
– Arraignment: The defendant is formally charged and enters a plea (guilty, not guilty, or no contest).
– Pre-Trial Motions: Both the defense and prosecution can file motions to resolve legal issues before trial.
– Trial: If the case goes to trial, it can be either a jury trial or a bench trial (judge only). The prosecution must prove the defendant’s guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.
– Sentencing: If convicted, the judge will impose a sentence based on statutory guidelines and the specifics of the case.
– Appeals: The defendant has the right to appeal the conviction or sentence.